City damaged during occupation by Islamic State group reopens 850-year-old mosque in time for Ramadan as reconstruction gathers pace

In the small courtyard of Sara’s grandmother’s house, children are running and playing as if time had never passed. “The house kept our memories,” Sara says, sitting on the sofa of the courtyard. “It seems like we never left. On the contrary, when we came back, we felt we belonged to this house.”

Located in the old Iraqi city of Mosul, right behind the Great Mosque of al-Nuri, their home is part of the local cultural heritage. It was heavily damaged during the occupation by Islamic State (IS) and the battle to reclaim the city by Iraqi armed forces, backed by US coalition airstrikes. Sara and her family were forcibly displaced during the fighting in 2017 and for many years feared they would never see their home intact again.

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This Ramadan, MuslimMatters is pleased to host the Institute Of Knowledge‘s daily Ramadan series: Ramadan Reflections. Through this series, each day we will spend time connecting with the Qur’an on a deeper, more spiritual, uplifting level.

 

[Transcript]

All thanks and praise are due to Allah subhanahu wa taala and may his peace and blessings be upon on His Last and Final Messenger his family his companions and those who follow them until the end of times.

May Allah subhanahu wa taala make this the most beneficial and productive Ramadan we have ever experienced. May Allah subhanahu wa taala make all of us among those who nurture and develop tawa through this blessed month. May Allah subhanahu wa taala make this a month where we reform ourselves and make ourselves worthy of receiving Allah’s mercy, grace, pardon, and forgiveness.

Ramadan is a very beautiful month. We can feel the energy in the air. There’s a lot of excitement and we know that this is the month where all of us are doing something to draw closer to Allah subhanahu wa taala. This is the month of worship. It’s the month of praying, fasting, reciting Quran, giving charity, supplication, and serving others. And throughout this month Allah subhahanahuwa taala has given us very unique opportunities – opportunities that don’t exist at any other time of the year.

During this first night of Ramadan, certain events took place in the universe that are from the world of the Unseen. We can’t see them with our own two eyes but we can definitely experience them and we definitely believe in them because we were told about them by the Prophet, sallah allahu alayhi wa sallam. The Prophet, sallah allahu alayhi wa sallam, told us when Ramadan comes the gates of paradise are opened. All eight Gates of paradise are opened.

On that first night of Ramadan the Gate of prayer the Gate of zakah the Gate zakat, the gate of Rayyan, that specific gate that’s for those who constantly and consistently fast. So on this first night of Ramadan all eight Gates of paradise were opened and one of the results of that is that it becomes easier for us to engage in those behaviors in those acts and those acts of worship that will allow us to enter into Paradise because all the gates of paradise are opened it becomes easier for us to engage in righteous Deeds.

So although we can’t see the gates of paradise being opened it’s something we definitely experience. For example, throughout the year, if you come to the Masjid you might find one row of people, perhaps two three or four. Depending on where you live there might be more, there might be less. If you live here in LA, like I do, then perhaps there’s only a row, a row and a half, two rows, if you live in Dallas mashaallah maybe there’s 3 or 400 people but on that first night of Ramadan the size of the congregation increases. The Masjid is full. The Masjid is packed. There’s no space. Just the night before it was a little bit empty and immediately on that first night of Ramadan the masjid is bursting at the seams because the gates of Parise have been opened.

Through this month, Allah subhahanahu wa taala facilitates ease. He makes it easy for us to engage in those acts that will make us worthy and deserving of his mercy of his grace of His pardon, His forgiveness, and it’s through his Mercy that all of us are going to be admitted into Paradise, so that’s the first event that takes place.

All the Gates of Hell Fire are closed. The seven Gates of Hell Fire are shut. And as a result, it becomes easier for us to stay away from sin. It becomes easier for us to avoid acts of disobedience. It becomes easier for us to stay away from all the prohibitions of Allah subhanahu wa taala. And all the devils are chained up. As a result of that, it becomes easier for us to control and suppress our most base carnal desires. It becomes easier for us to struggle and fight against our nafs, against our egos. So Allah subhahanahu wa taala during this blessed month has made becoming a righteous, God conscious, committed believer easier. Allah subhahanahu wa taala is making it easy for us to be among the people of taqwa, those who are mindful, conscious, and aware of Allah subhahanahu wa taala in everything that we do in our behavior, in our conduct, in our speech, in public and in private 24/7, 365.

That’s why this is the month for us to put in work. It’s time to roll up our sleeves. It’s time to get busy. It’s time to put in that effort, that struggle, that sacrifice. It doesn’t matter that we’re going to get less sleep. That lack of sleep should not impact us. It doesn’t matter that we’re going to be standing for an hour or two hours extra at night in prayer. It doesn’t matter that we’re going to be experiencing hunger and thirst throughout the day because this is our chance to earn Jannah.

In another version of the hadith, the Prophet says that an angel calls out – an angel makes a proclamation – he makes an announcement: “Oh you who’s intending good – anyone who wants to do something good, anyone who wants to engage in worship, who wants to earn the mercy, grace, pardon and forgiveness of Allah, come forward, come on put in that work, that struggle, that sacrifice. All this reward is being given out freely. But oh you who intends evil, if you’re thinking about doing something wrong, if you’re thinking about sinning, if you’re thinking about disobeying Allah, hold yourself back, check yourself, stop.”

And Allah subhanahu wa taala frees people from the fire and that happens every night during Ramadan so this blessed month is an opportunity for all of us to reform ourselves to transform our lives, to make our lives more meaningful and purposeful, to have our lives have direction, and most importantly to align our lives with its true purpose, which is to worship Allah, and that is why we should try our best to take advantage of this very beautiful and blessed month.

I’m going to mention just five things that all of us can focus on. These are five things that all of us can do and hopefully by doing so we are going to be taking advantage of all the unique blessings of this beautiful month.

Number 1: Sincere genuine repentance – this is the time if we have been far away from Allah, if we have not been fulfilling our obligations to God, if we have not been fulfilling our responsibilities to others, if we have any shortcomings, any weaknesses, any faults, now is the time to fix them. Now is the time to sincerely turn back to Allah.

Number 2: Fasting in a way that’s approved by Allah – making sure that we are not just fasting in terms of the surface level appearance. It’s not just the form but we’re also focusing on the substance. We are fasting in a manner that’s going to nurture and develop taqwa.

Number 3: Quran – this is the month of the Quran. We should try our best to spend more time in the company of Allah’s Divine Speech – reciting, memorizing, studying, reflecting, learning, teaching.

Number 4: Dua. Supplication – this is the time for us to ask Allah subhanahu wa taala for anything and everything we want and need in this world, but most importantly in the Hereafter.

Number 5: Spending – becoming more generous, and engaging in more acts of charity.

So five practical things: Repentance, fasting properly and correctly, engaging with the Quran, more supplication, and being generous (charity). Inshallah in the next videos we will explore each of these things in a little bit more detail and provide some practical tips for what all of us can do to take advantage of this beautiful and blessed month. May Allah subhanahu wa taala accept all of our worship. May Allah subhanahu wa taala bless our Ramadan.

The post IOK Ramadan 2025: Welcome Ramadan | Sh Furhan Zubairi appeared first on MuslimMatters.org.

The city’s mayor, Sadiq Khan, led the celebrations to observe holy month of Ramadan, now in their third year

Piccadilly Circus has once again been lit up by an installation to mark Ramadan.

It is the third year of the annual display, which features 30,000 LED bulbs in the shape of Islamic geometric patterns and symbols hanging over the West End street.

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The religious festival is a month of fasting, prayer and community – not consuming and comparing ourselves with one another

• Nadeine Asbali is the author of Veiled Threat: On being visibly Muslim in Britain

Supermarkets have wheeled out the 20kg bags of rice. High-street stores have popped hijabs on mannequins. Cosmetic companies are churning out products scented with pomegranate, cardamom, saffron and “sticky date” – at Lush you can buy Salam shower gel, Noor lip butter and a massage bar that apparently smells like a turmeric latte. All this can only mean one thing in our modern, consumerist world: Ramadan is upon us.

Ramadan, the holiest month in the Muslim calendar, begins this weekend. Like many Muslims, I find it is my favourite time of the year (and not because I can bulk-buy rice for the entire year in my local Tesco). It is a time of spiritual growth and reflection, of turning away from our own desires and egos to focus on God, and of letting go of the trappings of the earthly world – including food and drink in daylight hours.

Nadeine Asbali is the author of Veiled Threat: On being visibly Muslim in Britain, and a secondary school teacher in London

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My Journey with Tahajjud How It Became a Habit Despite Life’s Challenges

I had always heard about the benefits of tahajjud, read about how special it is, and admired those who prayed at night regularly. But for a long time, I thought it was too difficult for me. How could I wake up in the middle of the night when my sleep was already messy because of my kids, and I had to get up early for work? It felt impossible—until I reached a point where I needed to feel closer to Allah more than I needed sleep. I was looking for peace, for answers to my prayers, for calmness in the middle of a busy life.

At first, it was really hard. Some nights, one of my kids would wake up and need me. Other nights, I was too tired and didn’t hear my alarm. It was frustrating, but I reminded myself that even small efforts count. Now alhamdulillah I manage to pray tahajjud consistently, and would love for everyone else to at least attempt to start their own tahajjud journey too..

How Tahajjud Changed My Life

With time, tahajjud became more than just a habit—it became my safe place.

• I felt closer to Allah . Standing in prayer when everyone else was asleep made me realize how much I needed Him.
• I became more peaceful. No matter how hard my day was, tahajjud made me feel calmer.
• I saw more blessings in my time and energy. Even with less sleep, I got more done and felt less tired.
• My relationships improved. Since I felt more at peace, I became a more patient mother, a better wife, and a kinder friend.

Tahajjud in the Darkest Nights: How It Helped Me During the War in Gaza

There were nights when the fear was overwhelming. The sound of bombs, the uncertainty of what would happen next, and the helplessness I felt as I tried to comfort my children—all of it was unbearable. Sleep became impossible, and anxiety filled my heart. But in those darkest nights, I turned to tahajjud like never before.

Standing in prayer, pouring my heart out to Allah , was the only thing that gave me peace. In sujood, I begged for protection, for strength, for another morning to see my family safe. The night was terrifying, but tahajjud made me feel that even in chaos, I was not alone.

I realized then that tahajjud is not just a habit—it is a lifeline. When everything feels out of control, when fear takes over, when there is nowhere to run, you can always run to Allah . And in those moments, I understood that true peace is not the absence of hardship, but the presence of Allah in your heart.

What Has Helped Me Stay Consistent? 

“Who is calling upon Me so that I may answer them?” [PC: Sinan Toy (unsplash)]

 – Not Trying to Be Perfect: I stopped expecting myself to wake up every single night. Instead, I focused on being consistent, even if it was just a few nights a week. Some nights, I could only pray two rak’ahs before going back to bed, and that was fine.

 – Going to Bed with a Purpose: Instead of sleeping just because I was tired, I started sleeping with an intention—telling myself, “I’m sleeping now so I can wake up for tahajjud.” I also made du’a before sleeping, asking Allah to wake me up.

 – Changing How I Thought About Sleep: At first, I worried about being tired in the morning. But after some time, I noticed something surprising—on the nights I prayed tahajjud, I actually felt more awake and had more energy. It was like Allah was putting blessings (barakah) in my rest.

 – Connecting Tahajjud to My Daily Struggles: Being a parent and having so many responsibilities felt overwhelming sometimes. But I found so much relief in telling Allah everything in my sujood (prostration). Instead of keeping my worries inside, I started sharing them with Allah in the quiet hours of the night.

 – Reminding Myself of How Special This Time Is: I kept reminding myself that tahajjud wasn’t just any prayer—it was a special opportunity. It was a time when Allah comes closer to us, asking, “Who is calling upon Me so that I may answer them?” The idea that Allah was waiting for me to turn to Him made waking up feel like an honor, not just something difficult, don’t give up/get disheartened.

How My Husband Was Inspired to Join Me

At first, my husband thought it was funny that I was trying to wake up in the middle of the night. He would see me struggle and sometimes joke about how determined I was. But after a few weeks, he noticed a change in me.

He saw that I was calmer, less stressed, and more patient with our kids. He also noticed that even though I was sleeping less, I somehow had more energy and focus during the day. One night, he casually said, “Maybe I should try waking up too.”

At first, he just sat beside me, watching me pray. Then, slowly, he started praying as well. Now, tahajjud has become something we do together—a peaceful, quiet time when we both ask Allah for blessings, guidance, and protection for our family.

Seeing my husband pray with me made the experience even more meaningful. It brought us closer to Allah and to each other.

Sharing the Experience with My Family and Friends

As I became more regular with tahajjud, I couldn’t stop talking about it. I told my sisters and close friends how much it changed my life. Some of them, like me, always wanted to start but thought it was too difficult.

So, I encouraged them the same way I encouraged myself—start small, even if it’s just two rak’ahs once a week. We even started checking in on each other, sending messages like, “Did you wake up for tahajjud today?” Having this small support system made it easier for all of us.

One of the most emotional moments was when my mother called me one morning and said, “Last night, I prayed tahajjud. I thought of you, and I made du’a for you.” That moment brought tears to my eyes. I never imagined that my own journey would inspire my family, but it did.

A Message to Anyone Struggling

If you’re struggling to start tahajjud, I want to tell you: you’re not alone. Even the Prophet Muhammad was commanded to pray at night, and Allah promised him a high station for it:

“And during the night, wake up for prayer as an extra (worship) for you; it is expected that your Lord will resurrect you to a praised station.” [Surah Al-Isra 17:79]

So take it one step at a time—every little effort is valuable in the sight of Allah .

• It’s okay to start small. Even if you wake up for just two rak’ahs once a week, that’s still great.
• You don’t have to be perfect. Some nights, you won’t wake up—and that’s fine. What matters is that you keep trying.
• Allah sees your effort. Even on the nights when you wake up tired, know that your effort is valuable to Him.

Tahajjud isn’t just about praying at night—it’s about building a personal connection with Allah . If you take the first step, you’ll see changes in your life—not just spiritually, but in everything you do.

Start Your Tahajjud Journey This Ramadan

If there was ever a time to truly feel the power of tahajjud, it’s in Ramadan. There’s something about praying in these nights that feels different—like the distance between you and Allah is shorter, like your du’as are heavier, like every sujood is filled with more meaning.

The thought that Allah is watching, listening, and waiting for you to call upon Him makes waking up feel less like a struggle and more like an opportunity.

What helped me the most was realizing that Ramadan makes tahajjud easier. Since I was already waking up for suhoor, it felt natural to take a few extra minutes to stand in prayer. Some nights, I prayed two rak’ahs, some nights more, but every single time, I felt something shift inside me. There was a peace that stayed with me throughout the day, a feeling that no matter what happened, I had already started my day in the best way possible—standing before Allah .

And then came the last ten nights. I reminded myself that somewhere in these nights is Laylat-ul Qadr – the most powerful night of the year. What if the night I woke up was that night? What if that one sincere moment in sujood changed everything for me? That thought alone made me hold on to tahajjud even more.

But the real challenge came after Ramadan. Would I let go of this connection? Or would I take what I started and keep it going? I decided that even if it wasn’t every night, even if it was just once a week, I would hold onto it. Because the closeness I felt to Allah in those nights? I never wanted to lose it. And if Ramadan taught me anything, it’s that the effort—even the smallest one—is always worth it.

And if you’re wondering if it’s worth the effort, let me tell you: it absolutely is.

 

Related:

– The Sacred Elixir: The Night Prayer And The Ordinary Muslim

– Good Sleep, Good Health, and Tahajjud: Sh. Yaser Birjas

 

 

The post A Tahajjud Journey To Inspire Your Own : A Ramadan Goal That’s Not As Hard As It Seems appeared first on MuslimMatters.org.

Many released Palestinian prisoners showed visible signs of torture during Israeli detention.

Israel's targeting of key infrastructure is aimed at making the territory uninhabitable.

Bread, oranges and apples are more valuable than jewelry in Gaza.

Reading Time

• Summary Transcript: ~5 minutes
• Full Transcript: ~40 minutes

Learning Objectives

• Understand the spiritual significance of the Quran as the speech of Allah and its role in providing guidance and blessings.
• Explore the virtues of learning, teaching, and reciting the Quran, as emphasized by the Prophet ﷺ.
• Recognize the qualities and etiquettes expected of a memorizer of the Quran, including humility, devotion, and patience.
• Learn the importance of honoring guests as an expression of faith, based on the teachings of the Prophet ﷺ.
• Identify the etiquettes of both hosting and being a guest, emphasizing mutual respect, kindness, and consideration.
• Acknowledge the universal nature of hospitality in Islam, extending kindness to all, including non-Muslims.
• Appreciate the balance between generosity and practicality when hosting or visiting, avoiding extravagance or imposition.
• Reflect on how Quranic engagement and hospitality contribute to spiritual growth, community building, and alignment with Islamic values.
• Develop practical ways to implement Quranic teachings and the tradition of hospitality in daily life.
• Recognize the rewards promised for embodying these practices, including closeness to Allah and high ranks in Jannah.

Class Summary The Virtues of Quranic Engagement and Hospitality in Islam

Islam emphasizes the cultivation of character and connection with Allah through acts of devotion and kindness. Two profound examples of this are engaging with the Quran and showing hospitality. Both are not only acts of worship but also pathways to strengthening faith and building community.

The Excellence of the Quran The Quran as the Speech of Allah

The Quran is the divine speech of Allah, the source of ultimate guidance and blessings. It is unmatched in virtue, originating from Allah Himself, and has the power to calm hearts, guide actions, and illuminate truth. Allah praises the Quran in numerous verses, emphasizing its role in showing humanity the best way to live.

Learning and Teaching the Quran

The Prophet ﷺ said, “The best of you is he who learns the Quran and teaches it.” Engaging with the Quran—whether through learning to recite it, understanding its meanings, or teaching it to others—elevates one in faith and closeness to Allah. Even if one’s recitation isn’t perfect, sincere effort and regular engagement with the Quran count immensely.

Hospitality: A Hallmark of Faith The Duty of Honoring Guests

The Prophet ﷺ instructed, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his guest.” Hospitality in Islam is more than kindness—it is an act of faith. While the first day and night of hosting are emphasized as the peak of generosity, the next two days involve sharing regular meals. Any hospitality beyond three days is a voluntary act of charity.

Balancing Generosity with Consideration

Both hosts and guests have responsibilities. Guests should avoid imposing on their hosts, overstaying their welcome, or demanding excessive provisions. Similarly, hosts should offer the best of what they have without overburdening themselves. Hospitality fosters mutual respect and strengthens bonds within communities.

Etiquettes for Guests and Hosts For Guests:

• Do not visit during inconvenient times, such as meals, unless invited.
• Accept whatever is served graciously without complaint.
• Be mindful of the host’s comfort and avoid overstaying.

For Hosts:

• Serve food promptly and make the guest feel welcomed.
• Escort guests to the door when they leave, ensuring they feel appreciated.
• Avoid unnecessary extravagance in hosting.

The Reward for These Acts

Engaging with the Quran brings spiritual blessings and closeness to Allah. Likewise, hospitality is a mark of true faith, and Allah has promised high ranks in Jannah for those who combine generosity with devotion. Both acts are opportunities to embody the best of Islamic ethics and build stronger relationships with Allah and the community.

By reflecting on these values and applying them in our lives, we align with the teachings of the Prophet ﷺ and create a society rooted in kindness, respect, and devotion. May Allah guide us to live by these principles and grant us the rewards of sincerity and faith. Ameen.

Full Transcript Introduction to the Five Pillars and Transition to Etiquette

We have already covered the five pillars of Islam. We covered the etiquette of Salah, the etiquette of Zakah, and the etiquettes revolving around Hajj and fasting. Now, we are moving more into certain adab and etiquette.

The Etiquette and Excellence of Recitation of the Quran

Let us begin with the etiquette of recitation of the Quran and its excellence, starting with Adab al-Tilawah, the etiquette of reciting, and also the virtues of the Quran. Bismillah.

The author, Imam Ibn Qudamah, says on the excellence of the Quran: The greatest excellence of the Quran is that it is the speech (Kalam) of Allah, Mighty and Sublime. Allah praises it in numerous verses, such as, “And this is a book which We have sent down, blessed,” and “Indeed, this Quran guides to that which is most suitable.” Imam Ibn Qudamah mentions that this chapter is about the etiquette of reciting the Quran and the excellence of its recitation.

The Quran as the Words of Allah

The greatest virtue of the Quran itself is that it is the words of Allah in a manner that suits His Majesty. Allah spoke this Quran to Jibreel, and Jibreel conveyed it to Rasulullah ﷺ. Scholars say, Sharaful ‘ilm bisharafil ma’lum, meaning the status of knowledge depends on the status of its subject matter. The Quran is the speech of Allah, one of His attributes. Its virtue and excellence are unmatched because it originates from Allah Himself. That is why it is the greatest virtue of the Quran.

The Blessings and Guidance of the Quran

What else do we need to appreciate the virtue of this Book of Allah? Allah has praised it in numerous verses, highlighting its blessings, its guidance, and its truth. For example, Allah says, “This is a book which We have sent down, blessed,” signifying that its blessings manifest through recitation, rewards, healing, and guidance. When one is stressed or worried, reciting the Quran brings calmness. Its guidance teaches us what is halal and haram, what is good and evil, illuminating the right way to live.

The Quran is free from discrepancies or falsehood, as it comes directly from Allah. Allah Himself praises it as His blessed book and highlights its purpose, which is to guide humanity to what is most suitable.

The Sunnah and the Virtue of Engaging with the Quran

Next, Ibn Qudamah brings evidence from the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ. In Sahih Bukhari, it is narrated that Uthman ibn Affan رضي الله عنه said the Prophet ﷺ said, “The best of you is he who learns the Quran and teaches it.” This indicates the virtue of those who study and teach the Quran.

Personal Effort in Learning and Teaching the Quran

How much time do we dedicate to learning and improving our recitation of the Quran? Whether we speak Arabic or not, whether we know how to recite it well or not, there is always room for improvement. Are we making an effort to improve our recitation? Are we learning new skills in reading the Quran? After learning, we should also teach others. Teaching can involve helping others recite, understand, or apply the Quran in their lives.

The Sunnah tells us that since the Quran is the most virtuous thing in our lives, involving ourselves in it brings us closer to Allah. Anas ibn Malik رضي الله عنه narrates that the Prophet ﷺ said, “Indeed, Allah has people from mankind.” When asked, “Who are they, O Messenger of Allah?” he replied, “The people of the Quran. They are Allah’s special folk.” This means that Allah has selected a special group of people, those engaged with the Quran, as His own.

Becoming One of the People of the Quran

Being among these people depends on how much you engage with the Quran. Reading, studying, applying it in your life—all these acts bring you closer to being counted among Allah’s special people. Even if your recitation is not perfect, doing your best and making it a regular part of your life can earn you this status.

Hadiths on the Quran as a Companion and Intercessor

In another hadith, the Prophet ﷺ said, “Allah does not punish a heart that contains the Quran.” While this hadith is considered weak, it reminds us of the transformative power of the Quran. A heart sincerely attached to the Quran, through memorization and reflection, is shielded from hypocrisy and wrongdoing.

Another narration states that the person of the Quran will be told on the Day of Judgment, “Read, ascend, and recite distinctly as you used to do in the world, for your station is by the last verse you read.” This means those who memorize the Quran and recite it regularly will ascend higher in Jannah as they recite. Each verse elevates them further.

Practical Advice for Memorization and Recitation

Parents often ask how they can make their children memorize the Quran. My advice is: start with yourself. When you go through the effort of memorizing the Quran, you appreciate the journey and can guide your child better. Never lose hope; even at an advanced age, people have successfully memorized the Quran.

Buraida narrates that the Prophet ﷺ said, “The Quran meets its companion on the Day of Resurrection when his grave breaks open in the form of a man with an altered complexion.” The Quran will say, “I am your companion, the Quran, who quenched your thirst in the midday heat and made you stay up at night.” This hadith, although weak, emphasizes the Quran’s role as a companion and intercessor for its reciters.

Traits of a Memorizer of the Quran

Ibn Mas’ud رضي الله عنه said, “A memorizer of the Quran should be known by his night when others sleep, by his day when people do not fast, by his sorrow when people rejoice, by his crying when people laugh, by his silence when people get involved, and by his submission when people behave arrogantly.” Being a person of the Quran entails embodying its values and living a life of humility, patience, and devotion.

The Virtue of Reciting with Understanding and Without Understanding

Finally, Imam Ahmad narrates that he saw the Lord of Might in a dream and asked, “My Lord, what is it that brings those who seek Your proximity closest to You?” Allah replied, “Through My speech, O Ahmad.” He asked, “With understanding or without understanding?” Allah said, “With and without understanding.” While this is not a hadith, it beautifully highlights the blessings of engaging with the Quran, whether one understands it fully or not.

We ask Allah to grant us the ability to recite and live by the Quran and to be counted among its people. May He make the Quran a source of guidance and light in our lives. Ameen.

Honoring the Guest: The Last Portion of the Hadith

Let us now shift to the next topic of discussion, which revolves around hospitality. We are studying hadith number 15 from the book of Imam Ibn Rajab, Jami’ al-Ulum wal-Hikam. The hadith in question is narrated by Abu Huraira رضي الله عنه, where the Prophet ﷺ said:

“Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak good or remain silent. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his neighbor. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his guest.”

The Etiquette and Duty of Honoring Guests

Imam Ibn Rajab رحمه الله begins by explaining that the third instruction of the Prophet ﷺ is to honor the guest. Honoring the guest means excelling in showing hospitality. In the two Sahihs, there is a hadith narrated by Abu Shuraih where the Prophet ﷺ said: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should honor his guest with his jaiza.” When asked what the jaiza refers to, the Prophet ﷺ said: “It is for a day and a night.” He continued, “Hospitality is for three days, and whatever is beyond that is an act of charity.”

Hospitality in the Context of Early Islam

Imam Ibn Rajab رحمه الله elaborates on this. In the context of the time of the Prophet ﷺ, guests were often wayfarers traveling through the harsh conditions of the desert. Hospitality in such an environment was not just a sign of generosity but a necessity. Taking care of travelers ensured that they could survive their journeys. For this reason, it became an unspoken law among the Arabs, even before Islam, that travelers must be cared for.

The Time Frame of Hospitality

The first day and night of hospitality are considered the peak of honoring the guest, where the host offers the best of what they have. After that, for the next two days, the guest is served from the regular food of the household. If the guest stays longer than three days, whatever is offered is regarded as a voluntary act of charity by the host.

In modern contexts, particularly in cities where guests have access to hotels and other accommodations, this specific obligation of three days may not apply. However, the principle of showing kindness and generosity to guests remains a core Islamic value.

Balancing Hospitality and Consideration

The Prophet ﷺ also emphasized not burdening the host. He said, “It is not permissible for the guest to overstay to the point that the host falls into sin.” This could occur if the host feels compelled to provide beyond their means or begins harboring resentment due to the guest’s extended stay. It is important for both the host and the guest to be considerate of each other’s circumstances.

Overstaying one’s welcome is a serious issue. For example, if someone visits after Isha for tea but stays late into the night, this could inconvenience the host. While the host may smile outwardly, they may be silently frustrated. Being mindful of the host’s comfort and schedule is crucial for maintaining good relationships.

Hospitality Toward Muslims and Non-Muslims

Hospitality is not limited to Muslims. The Prophet ﷺ’s teachings encourage kindness to all guests, Muslim and non-Muslim alike. This reflects the universal nature of Islamic ethics.

Etiquettes for Guests and Hosts Etiquettes for Guests

• Do not visit during meal times unless specifically invited.
• Do not overstay your welcome or demand special treatment.
• Accept whatever is served with gratitude, and avoid commenting negatively on the food or the household arrangements.

Etiquettes for Hosts

• Serve food promptly and avoid unnecessary delays.
• Ensure the guest feels welcomed and comfortable.
• When the guest leaves, escort them to the door and bid them farewell with warmth.

Conclusion

The Prophet ﷺ emphasized that generosity is a hallmark of true faith. He mentioned that among the highest levels in Jannah are reserved for those who combine kindness, hospitality, and devotion to Allah.

May Allah guide us to embody the noble values of hospitality and generosity in our lives. Ameen.

Q&A The Virtues of Quranic Engagement and Hospitality

1. What is the greatest excellence of the Quran?
   • Answer: It is the speech (Kalam) of Allah, revealed to guide humanity and provide blessings.
2. How does the Quran guide individuals in their lives?
   • Answer: It distinguishes between halal and haram, good and evil, and provides moral and spiritual guidance.
3. What did the Prophet ﷺ say about learning and teaching the Quran?
   • Answer: “The best of you is he who learns the Quran and teaches it.”
4. Who are considered the “people of Allah” according to the Prophet ﷺ?
   • Answer: The people of the Quran, those who engage with it sincerely through recitation, study, and application.
5. What virtues are associated with the memorization of the Quran?
   • Answer: Memorizing the Quran shields the heart from hypocrisy and elevates the memorizer in Jannah on the Day of Judgment.
6. What should a memorizer of the Quran embody in their character?
   • Answer: Humility, patience, devotion, silence when others talk excessively, and submission to Allah.
7. What are the Prophet’s ﷺ instructions on honoring a guest?
   • Answer: A guest should be honored with the best provisions for one day and night, followed by regular hospitality for two more days.
8. What should a guest avoid to maintain good manners?
   • Answer:  Overstaying their welcome, visiting at inconvenient times, and criticizing the host’s provisions.
9. What etiquettes should a host observe when welcoming guests?
   • Answer: Serve food promptly, avoid extravagance, and ensure the guest feels appreciated and comfortable.
10. Is hospitality limited to Muslims only?
    • Answer: No, hospitality should be extended to all, including non-Muslims.
11. What does the Quran provide to a believer who engages with it regularly?
    • Answer: Spiritual blessings, calmness, guidance, and closeness to Allah.
12. How does overstaying as a guest affect the host?
    • Answer: It may cause inconvenience or resentment, potentially leading the host to sin out of frustration.
13. What is the significance of generosity in Islam?
    • Answer: Generosity reflects true faith and earns high ranks in Jannah.
14. What does the Prophet ﷺ say about speaking good or remaining silent?
    • Answer: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak good or remain silent.”
15. What is the recommended action if someone invites you to eat while fasting voluntarily?
    • Answer: Politely make dua for them and inform them of your fast; breaking the fast is not obligatory but permissible.

The post Study Classical Texts the Traditional Way | Session 25 appeared first on MuslimMatters.org.

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Reading Time

• Summary Transcript: ~5 minutes
• Full Transcript: ~38 minutes

Learning Objectives

• Understand the spiritual significance and symbolism of the rituals performed during Hajj.
• Reflect on the concepts of humility, equality, and submission to Allah as demonstrated through Hajj practices.
• Recognize the importance of preparing spiritually and practically for Hajj, emphasizing detachment from worldly distractions.
• Learn the ethical guidelines for interacting with neighbors as outlined in Islamic teachings.
• Explore the Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ emphasis on the rights and duties owed to neighbors, regardless of their faith.
• Identify practical ways to exhibit kindness and generosity to neighbors, such as sharing food and avoiding harm.
• Analyze the connection between Hajj’s spiritual values and the social responsibility of maintaining good neighborly relations.
• Appreciate the significance of visiting Medina during Hajj and its impact on connecting with Islamic history and the life of the Prophet ﷺ.
• Develop a comprehensive understanding of how devotion to Allah and compassion for others form the core principles of Islam.
• Apply these teachings to foster harmony, respect, and kindness within personal and community relationships.

Class Summary

Islam beautifully integrates acts of worship with social responsibility, emphasizing devotion to Allah and compassion for others. This post explores the spiritual essence of Hajj and the teachings on neighborly conduct, offering insights into how these practices enrich both individual and community life.

Hajj: A Journey of Dedication

Hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca, is a unique form of worship requiring physical, financial, and spiritual preparation. It mirrors the monkhood of other traditions but allows Muslims to engage fully with the world. Pilgrims leave their daily lives to dedicate themselves to Allah in complete submission.

Symbolism in Hajj

Every ritual in Hajj carries profound meaning:

• Ihram (Pilgrim Attire): Symbolizes equality and humility, reminding pilgrims of the Day of Judgment.
• Tawaf (Circling the Kaaba): Demonstrates obedience to Allah as pilgrims pledge their devotion.
• Sa’i (Walking Between Safa and Marwah): Reflects the eagerness to serve Allah, mirroring the determination of Hagar, the wife of Prophet Ibrahim (AS).
• Throwing Pebbles (Jamarat): A symbolic rejection of evil and submission to Allah’s commands, even when the logic of the act is not immediately apparent.

Preparation for the Afterlife

Pilgrims are reminded to focus on spiritual provisions, such as good deeds, and to let go of vanity or worldly distractions. The hardships of Hajj echo the trials of the Day of Judgment, urging believers to persevere with patience and humility.

Rights of Neighbors in Islam

Islam places significant importance on the rights of neighbors, regardless of their faith. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ emphasized treating neighbors with kindness, ensuring their safety, and sharing one’s blessings. He famously said that Jibreel (AS) advised him about the neighbor so frequently that he thought neighbors might be given rights of inheritance.

Practical Guidance on Neighborly Conduct

1. Share Your Blessings: If cooking aromatic food or enjoying luxuries like fruits, consider sharing with your neighbors to foster goodwill.
2. Avoid Harm: Ensure your actions, like noise or construction, do not inconvenience your neighbors.
3. Be Present in Their Lives: Visit them when they are sick, console them in hardships, and celebrate their joys.

A Universal Lesson in Compassion

The teachings about neighbors are not just about physical proximity; they reflect broader Islamic ethics of care, respect, and community harmony. This includes helping the less fortunate and treating everyone with dignity.

Hajj and Neighborly Conduct: A Unified Message

Hajj teaches Muslims to surrender to Allah’s will, embrace humility, and reflect on their ultimate purpose. Neighborly conduct translates these values into everyday life, fostering compassion and unity. Together, these practices remind Muslims to balance their relationship with Allah and their obligations toward others.

Conclusion

Both Hajj and neighborly relations embody the core principles of Islam—devotion to Allah and care for humanity. By understanding the symbolism of Hajj and practicing kindness toward neighbors, Muslims can strengthen their spiritual and social bonds, contributing to a more harmonious and compassionate society.

May Allah guide us to embody these values and live as true servants of Him and stewards of our communities.

Full Transcript Introduction to Hajj and Its Significance

Welcome back to our Ta’seel program and classes, where we study the book of Imam Ibn Qudamah and the book of Imam Ibn Rajab, along with the explanation of the four hadiths. We had a couple of weeks of pause on the subject, but we will, inshallah, continue from where we stopped last time regarding the secrets of Hajj. We previously covered the beginning parts—what Hajj means exactly and what one should prepare oneself for.

The Inner Secrets of Hajj

Now, Imam Ibn Qudamah will explain the inner secrets of Hajj. We already know the obvious aspects: preparing with halal provisions, what to carry, how to travel, and what to say to those accompanying you. But now we focus on the journey itself and the actual practices of Hajj.

The author, Imam Ibn Qudamah, says, “Know that one cannot reach closeness to Allah without fully designating oneself to Him.” He explains that Hajj is the monkhood of this nation. Unlike other religions, such as Christianity, where monks seclude themselves in mountains for worship, in Islam, we do not live a completely secluded life. For us, Hajj serves as a temporary form of total dedication to Allah. While other acts of worship are carried out amidst daily life, Hajj requires pilgrims to leave their jobs and dedicate weeks—or in the past, even months or years—for Allah. This mirrors the concept of seclusion but within the framework of Islamic principles.

Staying Focused During Hajj

He emphasizes abstaining from distractions like trade during Hajj to stay focused on Allah. While trading during Hajj is not prohibited, it takes away from the spiritual experience. In Surah Al-Baqarah, Allah says there is no harm in seeking blessings during Hajj, which includes trade, but the focus should remain on worship. Pilgrims who keep their hearts detached from worldly matters will experience a more profound connection with Allah.

Embracing Hardship as Part of Worship

The etiquette of Hajj includes embracing the hardship that comes with the pilgrimage. Pilgrims should appear dusty and with shaggy hair as part of the experience. This doesn’t mean one must intentionally make themselves disheveled, but it’s a natural outcome of the journey. Allah loves to see the dedication of His servants, even if it involves physical discomfort.

Walking Versus Riding During Hajj

When it comes to traveling during Hajj, Imam Ibn Qudamah advises walking as much as possible between the rituals, as this aligns with the practices of the Prophet ﷺ. However, riding is permissible and can even be more beneficial for conserving energy to focus on worship. The emphasis is on doing what allows the pilgrim to worship Allah with full devotion.

Symbolism in Hajj Rituals

Imam Ibn Qudamah elaborates on the symbolism of Hajj. For example, when acquiring provisions for the trip, one should reflect on the provisions needed for the afterlife—deeds that are not ruined by showing off or seeking fame. As the pilgrim embarks on the journey, they should reflect on leaving this world through death and facing the Day of Resurrection. Each hardship faced during the pilgrimage is a reminder of the trials on the Day of Judgment.

When entering into the state of Ihram, the pilgrim should reflect on the simplicity and equality represented by the two unstitched pieces of cloth. This attire is a reminder of the burial shroud and the ultimate meeting with Allah. It also signifies the removal of all distinctions between people, as everyone stands equal before Allah.

Answering Allah’s Call

Saying “Labbaik Allahumma Labbaik” (“Here I am, O Allah, at Your service”) marks the pilgrim’s answer to Allah’s call in the Qur’an to perform Hajj. This declaration symbolizes the pilgrim’s dedication and hope for acceptance, balanced with a fear of rejection. Upon reaching the Sacred Mosque and seeing the Kaaba for the first time, the pilgrim should feel awe and gratitude for being among those chosen to visit Allah’s house.

Touching the Black Stone

Touching the Black Stone during Tawaf signifies a pledge of obedience to Allah. The act of Tawaf itself is a reminder of the grandeur of worshiping Allah. Clinging to the Kaaba’s cloth, particularly at the Multazam—the area between the Black Stone and the Kaaba’s door—is an act of humility and a plea for Allah’s mercy.

Sa’i and Standing at Arafah

The Sa’i, walking between Safa and Marwah, symbolizes running to serve Allah. It mirrors a servant hastening between errands for their master. Standing on the plain of Arafah amidst the diverse crowds and hearing their raised voices is a reminder of the Resurrection, when all nations will gather in one place.

Submission Through Throwing Pebbles

Throwing pebbles at the Jamarat demonstrates pure submission to Allah, as this act is not rooted in rationality but in obedience to His command. It embodies servitude to Allah, reflecting the ultimate manifestation of slavery to the Creator.

Visiting Medina

When visiting Medina, pilgrims should remember that it is the city Allah chose for His Prophet ﷺ. Walking in the streets of Medina is a profound experience, as it evokes the footsteps of the Prophet ﷺ and his companions. Visiting the grave of the Prophet ﷺ should be done with reverence and love, imagining his noble appearance and mighty status. Sending peace and blessings upon him is a way of acknowledging his awareness of our greetings.

Reflections on Neighborly Relations in Islam

Now, we transition to the teachings of Imam Ibn Rajab, specifically focusing on the hadith that emphasizes generosity and good treatment of neighbors.

The Importance of Neighborly Conduct

The Prophet ﷺ said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him be generous to his neighbor.” This includes sharing when they are in need, visiting them when they are sick, congratulating them in times of happiness, and consoling them during hardships. The hadith stresses the importance of not harming one’s neighbor in any way, including through noise or obstructions.

Sharing Food with Neighbors

Generosity extends to sharing food and avoiding actions that might cause envy or discomfort. For instance, if cooking aromatic food, one should share it with their neighbor. The Prophet ﷺ even advised adding extra water to soup to distribute among neighbors.

In another narration, the Prophet ﷺ advised, “When you cook a broth, strengthen your relationship with your neighbors by sharing it with them.” This teaching reflects the broader principle of fostering relationships through acts of kindness and generosity.

Ensuring Neighbors’ Safety

The Prophet ﷺ also encouraged sharing luxuries, such as fruits, with neighbors, as they were considered a special treat in his time. He said, “If you buy fruits, send some as a gift to your neighbors. If you do not do so, bring them into your house secretly and do not let your child go out with them to provoke the neighbor’s child.”

Avoiding Harm to Neighbors

Ata al-Khurasani, in his explanation of neighborly rights, provides practical examples: helping neighbors in times of need, lending to them when they ask, visiting them when they are sick, congratulating them during happy occasions, and consoling them during difficult times. He also emphasized the importance of not causing harm through one’s actions, such as obstructing light or air by building structures without their consent.

Conclusion

These teachings demonstrate the depth of Islamic ethics, urging believers to extend compassion, generosity, and respect to those around them, ensuring that neighbors feel valued and safe.

In conclusion, the lessons we draw from these hadiths and teachings are not only about maintaining good relations with neighbors but also about embodying the broader principles of Islamic conduct—kindness, generosity, and concern for others. Whether it is through the acts of sharing food, offering help in times of need, or simply avoiding harm, these principles form the foundation of a harmonious and compassionate society.

May Allah grant us the ability to practice these values in our lives and be sources of comfort and support for our neighbors. And Allah knows best.

Q&A

1. What is the primary purpose of Hajj in Islam?
   • Answer: It is a journey of complete dedication to Allah, symbolizing submission, humility, and equality while preparing spiritually for the afterlife.
2. What does the Ihram (pilgrim attire) symbolize?
   • Answer: It represents humility, equality among all people, and a reminder of the burial shroud and the Day of Judgment.
3. What is the significance of Tawaf (circling the Kaaba)?
   • Answer: Tawaf is a pledge of obedience to Allah and reflects the grandeur of worship.
4. What lesson does Sa’i (walking between Safa and Marwah) teach?
   • Answer: It symbolizes eagerness and determination in serving Allah, inspired by Hagar’s search for water for her son.
5. Why is throwing pebbles (Jamarat) considered an act of submission?
   • Answer: It demonstrates obedience to Allah’s command, even when the rationale is not immediately clear, symbolizing rejection of evil.
6. What spiritual reflections are encouraged during Hajj?
   • Answer: Pilgrims should reflect on preparing for the afterlife, leaving worldly distractions behind, and facing the trials of the Day of Judgment.
7. What did the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ say about neighbors?
   • Answer: He emphasized their rights so strongly that he thought they might even be given rights of inheritance.
8. How can Muslims show kindness to their neighbors?
   • Answer: By sharing blessings, avoiding harm, visiting them when sick, consoling them during hardships, and celebrating their joys.
9. What does the hadith about cooking aromatic food teach us?
   • Answer: It encourages sharing food with neighbors to prevent envy and foster goodwill.
10. What broader lesson does neighborly conduct reflect in Islam?
    • Answer: It reflects Islamic ethics of care, respect, and the importance of community harmony.
11. What connection exists between Hajj and neighborly relations?
    • Answer: Both emphasize devotion to Allah and compassion toward others, balancing spiritual and social obligations.
12. Why is humility emphasized during Hajj?
    • Answer: Humility helps pilgrims focus on their connection to Allah, reflecting on their dependence on Him and their equality with others.
13. How does visiting Medina enrich the Hajj experience?
    • Answer: It allows pilgrims to reflect on the life of the Prophet ﷺ, walk in his footsteps, and connect with Islamic history.
14. What is the key takeaway from the teachings on Hajj and neighborly relations?
    • Answer: They teach Muslims to embody devotion to Allah and kindness toward others, creating a harmonious balance between worship and social responsibility.

The post Study Classical Texts the Traditional Way | Session 24 appeared first on MuslimMatters.org.

Reading Time

• Summary Transcript: ~5 minutes
• Full Transcript: ~28 minutes

Learning Objectives

• Understand the importance of performing tawbah (repentance) and clearing obligations to Allah before embarking on Hajj.
• Recognize the need to reconcile with others and settle any debts prior to Hajj to enter the journey with a clear conscience.
• Learn the significance of using halal earnings for Hajj and ensuring financial provision for dependents during one’s absence.
• Identify qualities of good travel companions who encourage positive behavior, patience, and remembrance of Allah.
• Appreciate the role of good character in travel, as taught by the Prophet Muhammad, and how travel reveals one’s true nature.
• Apply the Sunnah of starting the journey with an act of charity as a way to seek Allah’s blessings.
• Comprehend Islamic teachings on neighborliness, including the responsibilities of kindness, respect, and avoidance of harm.
• Explore the communal responsibility to protect and support neighbors’ rights and well-being.
• Reflect on how true faith manifests through acts of worship, positive interactions with others, and good character in daily life.

Class Summary Introduction: The Significance of Hajj

The journey of Hajj is one of the most profound acts of worship in Islam, requiring both spiritual and practical preparation. Shaykh Yaser Birjas’s class on Asrar al-Hajj explores the deep etiquettes and secrets of Hajj, drawn from the classical text Mukhtasar Minhaj al-Qasideen. Here, we’ll discuss key insights on how to prepare oneself for this sacred journey, emphasizing inner readiness, good character, and fulfilling one’s responsibilities to Allah and others.

Preparing Spiritually: Tawbah and Rights Owed

1. Tawbah and Reconciling with Allah

Before embarking on Hajj, Shaykh Yaser highlights the importance of tawbah, or repentance. This goes beyond merely stopping sins; it’s about a renewed commitment to return to Allah with sincerity. Preparing spiritually means reflecting on any shortcomings in fulfilling one’s duties toward Allah and resolving to overcome them.

2. Addressing the Rights of Others

Another crucial step is settling debts and resolving any grievances with others. Islam emphasizes that Hajj cleanses sins but does not absolve one of obligations to others. Thus, reconciling with family, friends, and neighbors is essential to enter this journey with a “clean slate.”

Preparing Practically: Provisions and Companions

1. Using Halal Earnings and Leaving Provisions for Dependents

The journey requires halal earnings, as this reflects sincerity and respect for the sanctity of Hajj. Additionally, it’s essential to leave adequate provision for family members or dependents to ensure their well-being during one’s absence.

2. Choosing Good Companions for Hajj

The choice of travel companions can deeply influence one’s experience. Shaykh Yaser advises traveling with individuals who encourage goodness, patience, and the remembrance of Allah, as these companions remind one to stay focused on worship throughout the journey.

Etiquette During the Journey

Maintaining Good Character

Hajj is a journey that can test one’s patience, especially under challenging conditions. The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, reminded believers that travel reveals one’s true character. Therefore, it is essential to demonstrate patience, kindness, and self-discipline throughout the pilgrimage.

Starting with an Act of Charity

Another Sunnah the Shaykh highlights is beginning the journey with an act of charity. Giving charity before departure reflects humility and the intention to seek blessings from Allah for the journey ahead.

Neighborliness: Reflections on Good Character

1. Rights and Responsibilities Toward Neighbors

A key theme in Shaykh Yaser’s class is the emphasis on neighborliness. The Prophet, peace be upon him, taught that true religiosity includes kindness to neighbors, treating them with respect, and refraining from any harm. Such neighborly kindness is an expression of both good character and genuine Islamic faith.

2. Community Responsibility in Maintaining Neighborly Rights

In Islamic teachings, a community collectively upholds these values, ensuring that no one is mistreated. Shaykh Yaser illustrates this through examples from the Prophet’s time, where communal correction was encouraged to address any harm done to neighbors.

Conclusion: Honoring Character in All Aspects of Life

Through these teachings, Shaykh Yaser emphasizes that the preparation for Hajj is not only about practical arrangements but is deeply tied to one’s spiritual character and relationships with others. As we strive to honor Allah in our worship, we must also honor our commitments to people around us. Whether in Hajj, in our communities, or our daily lives, true faith is reflected in patience, humility, and respect for the rights of others.

Full Transcript

Welcome Back and Prayers for Gaza

Welcome back to Ta’aseel class. Today, insha’Allah, tonight insha’Allah wa tabaraka wa ta’ala, we’re going to be talking about Asrar al-Hajj—the secrets and the etiquettes of Hajj, from the book Mukhtasar Minhaj al-Qasideen.

Before we get to the subject of Hajj, I want to make sure that we still keep in our minds and our hearts, insha’Allah wa ta’ala, our brothers and sisters in Gaza and Palestine. May Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala make it easy for them, ya Rabbil alameen.

We ask Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala to give them thabaat, ya Rabbil alameen. We ask Allah azza wa jal to alleviate their sufferings and bring peace and tranquility into their hearts and lives, ya Allah. We ask Allah to protect their livelihood, their lives, properties, children, and families.

We ask Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala to restore their lives to the best it was and better, ya Rabbil alameen. We ask Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala to remove the oppression and aggression that has been imposed upon them. We ask Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala to be there for them and grant them victory over their aggressors, ya Rabbil alameen.

Introducing the Topics of Asrar al-Hajj

As we speak about the etiquette of Hajj, Muhammad ibn Qudamah, rahimahu Allah ta’ala, addresses the last part of the five pillars of Islam. He spoke about the shahada, he spoke about iman in general, he addressed the etiquette and secret of salah, the secret of zakah and charity, the secret of fasting, and now he’s coming to discuss the etiquette and the secrets of Hajj.

Experience of Hajj

People go to Hajj—how many of you have been to Hajj so far? Raise your hand. May Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala accept from you and allow you to go back for Hajj, ya Rabbil alameen. And those who have never been, may Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala facilitate Hajj for you soon, ya Rabbil alameen.

When you go to Hajj, you put in a lot of effort. You commit money, time, and energy; there’s so much involved in Hajj. You’ve probably seen it: people, when they are on this sacred journey, sometimes lose themselves and their focus, especially when they’re fatigued. They may say and do things that contradict the principles of Hajj. Some people even go just for the shopping spree, looking for the best items in the market. May Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala accept their Hajj, ya Rabbil alameen, and forgive their shortcomings.

The Essence of Hajj

So, what is Hajj for us? What’s the essence? How should we view this journey? We’ll explore this, insha’Allah, through Imam Ibn Qudamah’s insights.

Pre-Hajj Preparations

Preparing Provisions

The first step, he says, is to make arrangements for provisions for those one must support until their return. This means preparing well before the journey. What should you start with? The first step is tawbah, repentance.

Understanding Tawbah

The Arabic term tawbah differs from the English word “repentance.” In English, repentance implies stopping a certain behavior permanently. Tawbah in Arabic implies repeatedly returning to Allah each time you make a mistake. You come back seeking forgiveness. The initial focus in tawbah is on fulfilling the rights of Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala. So, the first thing you need to focus on is clearing your record with Allah azza wa jal, recognizing any shortcomings in your obligations to Him.

Making Amends for Wrongs Against Others

Then, you must address your relations with other people. Imam Ibn Qudamah calls this radd al-mazalim, which is making amends for any wrongs done to others. So, after focusing on the rights of Allah, you address the rights of people: if you wronged someone, took their money, hid something from them, or inflicted harm, you must reconcile with them before you travel. If you can’t make amends directly, you can pray for them or counteract any harm by speaking well of them in the same places you may have spoken ill.

Settling Debts

Next, he advises settling any debts. Debts also involve the rights of people, but they differ slightly from the first type of rights, as they’re part of one’s engagement in society, such as borrowed money. If you plan to go for Hajj and owe someone money, you must ask for their permission. For example, you might say, “I know my debt to you is due, but I have an opportunity to go to Hajj this year. May I go, and pay you back upon my return?” If the creditor agrees, you may proceed. But if they say no, you must pay them back.

What if you have long-term debts, like a mortgage or student loans? For these, you needn’t ask permission for Hajj, as they’re not due immediately. But you should ensure your monthly payments are covered while you’re away. If you lack the funds for that, it means you don’t have the financial means, or istata’ah, to perform Hajj.

Provision for Dependents

Imam Ibn Qudamah also says that one must arrange provision for those they are financially responsible for until their return. These could include your family members—spouse, children, or elderly parents. You need to ensure they’re financially secure while you’re away. It doesn’t have to be a luxury provision, just enough to meet their regular needs.

Returning Entrusted Items

Returning any entrusted items is also essential. If someone gave you something to keep safe, such as money or keys, make sure to return it to them before leaving. If they allow you to leave it in your care, that’s fine, but the point is to fulfill all your obligations to others before going on Hajj.

The Principle Behind Preparations

The principle behind all these preparations is to settle your liabilities to Allah and people. Why? Because Hajj is meant to be transformative, wiping away sins and mistakes. However, Hajj doesn’t remove the rights you owe to others, so to come back from Hajj as if reborn, you need to reconcile fully before going.

The Significance of Hajj in the Past

In the past, people could only go to Hajj once in their lifetimes, making it a very significant event. I remember meeting elderly people in Bosnia who, even in their sixties and seventies, had never been to Mecca, though they were only a drive away. For many people, especially in the West, they might take Hajj for granted, thinking, “If I mess up this time, I’ll go again next year.” But for someone who only has one chance, they approach it with far more gravity.

Provisions for the Journey

Halal Earnings for Hajj

After discussing pre-Hajj preparations, Imam Ibn Qudamah talks about provisions for the journey. The money you use should come from a halal source. Scholars differ on whether Hajj is valid if funded by haram earnings. Some say it wouldn’t be accepted, while others say the Hajj itself may still be valid, though it would lack the same value as a Hajj funded by halal income.

Grooming Essentials

On the journey, you should take care of yourself with items like a siwak, comb, mirror, and kohl jar. Back then, kohl was also used as a form of treatment, not just beautification. Today, you could pack these essentials in a grooming kit. Take care of yourself during the journey, maintaining a clean and presentable appearance.

Charity Before the Journey

It’s also recommended to start your journey with an act of charity. Some scholars advise doing this as you’re leaving—giving a small donation at the mosque, airport, or wherever you begin your journey.

Arranging Reliable Transportation

You should also arrange reliable transportation for Hajj. In earlier times, this meant renting a camel, but today it might mean booking a flight or bus. Transparency about what you’re bringing is essential, as the Prophet emphasized clarity, even for small items.

Seeking Companions for the Journey

During the journey, seek a pious companion who loves goodness. Traveling with the right people enhances the journey, as they will remind you of prayers, support you if you falter, and encourage you to avoid mistakes. If the travel group has many people, it’s also good to appoint a leader to coordinate, handle disputes, and make organizational decisions.

Maintaining Good Character While Traveling

The Importance of Character

It’s essential to maintain good character while traveling, as travel reveals a person’s true nature. The Arabic word safar, meaning travel, comes from isfar, meaning “to reveal.” If you can maintain a good character on a challenging journey, it indicates strong character overall.

Bidding Farewell to Community

Finally, before setting out, it’s good to bid farewell to your family, friends, and community. In some cultures, communities gather to send off the pilgrims with chants and Takbirat. In Bosnia, for example, families and townspeople gather as buses leave for Hajj, chanting “Allahu Akbar.” However, in more individualistic societies, such practices are less common.

Additional Sunnah and Adhkar for Travel

Traveling on Thursday

It’s also recommended to begin a journey on a Thursday, as the Prophet, salallahu alayhi wa sallam, often did so. While there’s no explicit reason given, following the Prophet’s practice whenever feasible is good.

Reciting Invocations and Adhkar

When you embark on your Hajj journey, recite the invocations for travel, mountain climbing, and other rituals. Books of jurisprudence cover these extensively, focusing on the spirit and secret of Hajj.

May Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala grant us the opportunity to visit His house. We ask Allah to grant us Hajj mabroor, a righteous and accepted Hajj. Insha’Allah, we’ll stop here and continue next week. Alhamdulillahi rabbil alameen.

Neighborliness and Good Character

Introduction to Hadith on Neighborliness

We’re still studying Hadith number 15, and tonight we’ll begin by discussing neighbors. This hadith by Abu Huraira, radiyallahu anhu, states that the Prophet said: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak well or remain silent. And whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his neighbor. And whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his guest.” This hadith encompasses three principles that we’re covering over three nights: speaking well or remaining silent, honoring neighbors, and honoring guests. Tonight, we’ll focus on the neighbors.

Prohibition of Harming Neighbors

The second part of the hadith commands believers to be generous to their neighbors. In some narrations, this is expressed as refraining from harming neighbors. Harming people in general is forbidden, but for neighbors, the prohibition is even more severe.

Seriousness of Neighborly Betrayal

In Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, it’s reported that the Prophet was asked about the most serious sins, and he replied that associating others with Allah, killing one’s children out of poverty, and committing adultery with a neighbor’s wife are among the gravest sins. Here, the word halilah refers to the female of a neighbor—whether a wife, daughter, or relative. Adultery is sinful, but betraying a neighbor’s trust in this way compounds the sin further.

The Importance of Aligning Religiosity with Good Character

The Prophet warned that one’s ibadah (acts of worship) may be worthless if they harm their neighbors. In one instance, he was informed of a woman who prayed at night and fasted during the day but was known to harm her neighbors with her sharp tongue. The Prophet said, “There is no good in her; she is in the fire.” In contrast, he spoke of another woman who only performed the obligatory prayers and fasted in Ramadan, but she did not harm others. The Prophet said, “She is in Paradise.”

The Prophet’s teaching highlights the importance of aligning religiosity with good character, as acts of worship should enhance, not detract from, one’s interactions with others.

Community Responsibility in Addressing Harm

Once, a man complained to the Prophet about his neighbor’s harm. The Prophet advised him to place his belongings outside in the street. As people passed by, they asked why, and he explained his neighbor’s mistreatment. Eventually, the community condemned the neighbor until he begged the man to return his belongings, promising not to harm him again. This incident illustrates a form of communal correction for harmful behavior.

Islamic Teachings on Treating Neighbors Well

Qur’anic Command to Be Good to Neighbors

Islam emphasizes treating neighbors well, and Allah commands believers in the Qur’an to be good to parents, relatives, orphans, the poor, and neighbors, whether they are Muslim or non-Muslim. Islamic scholars have identified three types of neighbors: those with one right (non-Muslim neighbors who are unrelated), those with two rights (Muslim neighbors), and those with three rights (Muslim relatives who are neighbors).

Prioritizing Neighbors According to Rights

If you have two neighbors of equal rights, the Prophet advised giving preference to the one whose door is closest to you. Scholars suggest that the limits of one’s neighborhood extend to around forty houses in every direction, though this may vary.

The Role of HOAs and Community in Maintaining Neighborly Rights

As we move forward, may we honor our neighbors in all aspects, recognizing the rights they hold upon us.

Insha’Allah, we’ll continue next week with more on neighbors and also discuss generosity toward guests.

Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.

Q&A

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